Dock construction.



IVI. II/IA UPSON.

Dock CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 19I4 1I. @wff. Patented Nov. 27, 191?m III I IIy III M. IVI. UPSON.

DOCK CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. l2, 1914.

l f, atented Nov. 27, wl?.

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MAXWELL M. UPSON, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW J-ERSEY,`SSIGNOR TO RAYMOND CONCRETE PILE COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

DOCK CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2'?, Zilil'?.

Application led September 12, 1914. Serial No. 861,366.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, MAXWELL M. UPsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Englewood, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dock Construction, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

It is frequently necessary to build wharves, docks or bulkheadsin places where the ground is so soft or the conditions are otherwise such as to require the driving of very long piles in order to afford sufficient stability and vcarrying power for the structure, but in such cases the cost of construction is very high, as the work involves not only expensive, but somewhat elaborate materials or ancillary apparatus.

rIhe object of the present invention is to provide a dock or bulkhead construction of simple but substantial character which will avoid. these objections, and to this end the improvement consists in a. composite structure, the lower portion of which is made up of driven piles and the upper of concrete, preferably reinforced, resting thereon and united thereto in a novel and eifective manner.

It will be seen from the specication of luy-invention which follows, that the details of the construction which characterize my improvement may be ,very greatly varied, and that the form selected in illustration is merely typical of those which may be most advantageously employed. I have, therefore, shown the improvement in that form only which, for practical reasons of economy and efficiency, I recommend for general use.

Figure 1 is a vertical view, partly in cross section, of a structure embodying this invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view, partly in vertical section, of the forward portion of the structure.

Fig. 3 is a detail illustrative of the construction employed in the rear portion of the same, and i Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the base portion of Fig. 2, showing the iron or steel member of thc concrete structure in section.

Let it be assumed that at a given point along the shore there is to be erected a dock or wharf struct-ure. Piles of Wood or reinforced concrete A A are driven at the edge h5 of the water, upon which a portion of the dock is built in any ordinary or desired manner, and properly buttressed. Usually the sloping bottom B of this portion of the structure is filled in with earth out to the sheeting or retaining wall C, where the water has a substantial depth, and my improvements reside in the manner in which this sheeting is supported and constructed, and the forward portion of the structure eX- tending out over the water is built and carried.

The outer edge of the dock D is supported by round or square columns L, preferably of reinforced concrete, the plan followed in the construction and installation of which will be understood by reference to Figs. 2 and 4. In these figures F is an open-bottom casing, preferably circular, which is let down into the mud at the bottom, either by driving or by being placed in an excavation until its upper edge is about .on a level with the bottom of the water-course. rlhrough this casing a number of piles Gr are then driven so that their upper ends project to a point about midway of the casing, as shown. The mud being then cleaned out of the casing an iron or steel frame work H, with one or more vertical beams or rods K, is let down until it rests upon the top of the piles Gr.

Over the frame work K, sections of pipe L, of iron or steel, but preferably of reinforced concrete, are then let down, the lowermost section resting upon the frameI-I and the uppermost ending at or about the level to receive and support the horizontal portion of the dock E. Reinforcing steel rods M are also passed through the pipe thus formed, and properly secured in place, and, if so desired, surrounded with a spirally wound rod or wire N.

The space within the casing F is then filled, as by a tremie or bottom dump bucket or other suitable means, let down through the pipe L, with concrete which surrounds the frame Work and the protruding reinforcing rods filling the casing F, and the lower end of the pipe, closing the latter, and forming a rm and solid footing therefor. The tube may then be pumped out, if so desired, and filled dry or otherwise with concrete.

The construction of the wall C, is carried out in a similiar manner. In this case, however, the casings F are rectangular and elongated to any desired extent and the piles G G are driven beneath them as shown. Sheet piling P of steel, wood or reinforced concrete, closely abutting or interlocking to form a tight wall is also driven in the c asing, and in lieu of tubular supports being placed on the piles G G, rectangular elongated steel, reinforced concrete, or other sections F are employed. Upon this is structure may be of any approved design and built in any way known in the art, and should be preferably integrally united to the columns by the projecting ends ofthe metal reinforcements M. It will be observed that in the finished structure there are two means employed for tying the dock to the anchorage at the rear, the part B and the beams N, both of which are united to the rear or anchor wall O. This greatly strengthens the structure andv anchors it to the solid ground.

The novel and useful features characteristic of this improvement are numerous and important. The casings surrounding the tops of the sub-piles may be entirely separated from the upper supports, making it possible to set these latter in separate portions and without the use of elaborate and expensive equipment.v The casings F, F may be placed in'advance of the driving of the piles, so that they are properly located. Moreover, the supporting columns or walls which are preferably of reinforced concrete, are set on pedestals of structural steel, or the like, which hold their lower ends a sufficient distance above the sub-piles to permit the concrete filling to distribute its load over the piles in a space larger than the cross-sectional area of the wall or column.

Among the other advantageous features of the improvement, the following may be enumerated: The frame works I-I form frames for holding the reinforcing, if any is needed to carry the spread of the footing, or to bring the footing together. The frame work provides the means for supporting a series of sections of reinforced concrete cylinders or the like by means of the vertical reinforcing rods. The outer casing of the upper columns or their equivalents may be made in comparatively short sections and assembled at the time of their installation, which materially reduces the construction cost of the former.

It furthermore results from the construction described that when the upper columns or walls are made of reinforced concrete,

terior of the casing and that the columns may be very accurately placed in position on their supports.

It is, moreover, evident that the method of forming the pedestals can be used where the underlying material i's too hard for the driving of piles, but not of suflicient carrying capacity to support the necessary load on the area of the column, and that there is an economic saving in being able to re-' duce the sectional area of the columns vor their equivalents from that required for the footing on the bearing soil.

What I claim is:

1. In a dock or bulkhead construction, the combination of a casing adapted to be placed at the bottom of the water, a series of piles driven into the earth and having their opposite ends terminating within the said casing, a frame within said casing and resting upon the upper end of the said piles, a colunin composed of hollow superposed sections extending with said casing and ada ted to be supported on the said frame, an a filling of concrete for the casing surroundin the upper ends of the said piles, and the lower end of the column.

2. In a dock or bulkhead construction, the combination of a casing adapted to be partially sunk into the'earth at the bottom of the Water, a series of piles driven into the earth through the casing and having their upper ends terminating within the casing, an iron or steel frame Within said casing extending transversely thereof' and resting upon the upper ends of the said piles. a column composed of superposed sections of concrete pipe extending into said casing and adapted to be supported on the said frame, vertical metallic reinforcements extending through said column into said casing, a lling of concrete for the said casing surrounding the upper ends of the said piles, the lower end of the column and the said metallic reinforcements, and a superstructure supported by the said columns.

3. In a ldock or bulkhead construction, comprising, in combination, rows of casings adapted to be placed at the bottom of the water, a series of piles driven into the earth and having their upper ends terminating within the said rows of casings, frames within said rows of casings and resting upon the upper ends of the said piles,acolumnextend ing into the outer row of casings and sheeting in the rear row of casings adapted to be supported by the frames, and fillings of concrete for the casings surrounding the upper ends of the said serles of piles and the 'lower ends of the column and upper end of the sheeting.

4:. In a dock or bulkhead construction, comprising, in combination, rows of casings adapted to be sunk into the earth at the bottom of the water, a series of piles driven into the earth at the bottom of the water and having their upper ends terminating within-the said rows of casings, iron or steel frames within saidvrows of casings and resting upon the upper ends of the said piles, a column extending into the outer row of casings, vertical metallic reinforcements eX- tending from said column into Said casing, a filling of concrete for the said outer casings surrounding the upper ends of the series of piles and the lower end of the said column and the metallic reinforcements, a sheet piling member sunll: into the earth having its upper end terminating in the said inner row of casings, a wall member extending into the inner row of casings, reinforcing means in the said wall member, a -illing of concrete for the said inner row of easings and a superstructure supported by the said column and Wall.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MAXWELL M. UPSON. Witnesses: n

M. LAWSON DYER,v ql. B. MCGUIRE. 

